The popularity of smartphone-based e-hailing services has raised more and more concern about the impact on urban dynamics and conventional fixed-route transit systems. The emergence of shared ride service other than the original single occupant service has lowered further monetary cost of e-hailing services, which induces extra riders from the fixed-route transit. As many scholars have demonstrated the potential benefits of inter-modal collaboration to operation efficiency, our study aims to understand the gain and loss between the travelers and service operators (i.e. transit agency, e-hailing platform and driver) using a multi-modal interactive system. By introducing hybrid mode with mixed use of e-hailing and transit services, our modeling system will capture not only the substitution but also the complementary effects. Beginning from the operational model in a homogeneous regional, we investigate the traveler’s behavior using a nested logit model subject to the constraints of multi-sided equilibrium which balances the driver’s labor supply. Then, the system will be extended to a transportation network to test the impact of demand asymmetry. The results will be applied to guide the decision of pricing and regulation that enhances the sustainability of public transport service industry.
