As EV adoption accelerates in the U.S., the flow of second-hand EVs to Mexico is expected to increase, raising concerns about environmental justice and the management of end-of-life (EOL) lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Utilizing a regionally expanded life cycle assessment (LCA), the study models the lifecycle emissions of these vehicles, factoring in changes in grid mixes, vehicle usage patterns, and EOL processes between the two countries. The results aim to inform policies that balance environmental benefits with social equity in the regional EV transition.
