The physiochemical properties of the emissions and aerosols from heavy duty vehicles (HDVs) are evaluated using variety of particle and gas phase instrumentations and smog chamber. The goal of this study is to investigate the combined impact of fuel type, after treatment strategies, and driving mode on primary and secondary emissions form HDVs. The results of this novel study provide a wide knowledge on primary and secondary aerosol formation from HDVs which results in controlling emission by these types of vehicles via policy making, and also provides quantitative emission data for public health management. This study is essential for short term sustainability in transportation, and further alteration in energy resources such as migration from fossil-based energy to renewable energy is required for a long-term goal.
